![]() LGV is part of the Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions. For example, the service level of a road includes the quality of the road, its accessibility and how it functions. Service level refers to the quality of a service, including road maintenance, that the council commits to providing to the community. Northern Grampians Shire Council (Northern Grampians) uses modern equipment on a representative sample of unsealed roads and then extrapolates the results to determine the condition of the broader unsealed road network.Īn enterprise system is a type of software that combines multiple data and business systems used by an organisation into one program.Yarra Ranges worked with other councils to collaboratively tender for surveying equipment. ![]() However, the other two audited councils are working to address the costs of surveying to benefit from modern technologies: These three councils advised us that more advanced surveying is unaffordable or not cost-effective. It also does not identify many sub-surface defects. Visual surveying can be less accurate and more time consuming than surveying using modern equipment such as laser-based devices. Three audited councils-City of Greater Bendigo (Bendigo), Gannawarra Shire Council (Gannawarra) and Maribyrnong City Council (Maribyrnong)-rely on visual surveying to collect road condition data. This means the council is not ensuring it incorporates up-to-date data on unsealed roads into its planning processes. ![]() However, the council does not then update its asset management system to reflect the information it gathers. It relies on inspections it completes as part of this grading program to understand the condition of its unsealed roads. The council grades its unsealed roads three to six times per year. Yarra Ranges does not survey its unsealed roads, even though they make up 65 per cent of its total road network. This data provides councils with insight on what roads they should prioritise for maintenance.Īll audited councils, except Yarra Ranges Shire Council (Yarra Ranges), survey both sealed and unsealed roads on their road network within the ARRB timeframes. The Australian Road Research Board's (ARRB) Best practice guide for sealed roads 2020 and the Best practice guide for unsealed roads 2020 (ARRB best practice guides) recommend councils survey their road network every two to five years, depending on the type of road, to collect road condition data. Grading is the process of restoring the surface of a road by redistributing gravel and removing irregularities, such as potholes. Roads that do have this layer are called sealed roads. Unsealed roads are roads without a waterproof top layer. It developed a suite of best practice guides on roads for councils. Chandra, "Will I dream?" Chandra answers her saying that all intelligent beings dream, adding, "Perhaps you'll dream of HAL, just as I often do." HAL echoes the same question right before Discovery boosts Leonov's take off for home (which Chandra admits to HAL could result in his and Discovery's destruction), to which Chandra emotionally responds, "I don't know.ARRB is a national transport research organisation. Right before they begin the experiment, SAL asks Dr. Heywood Floyd to participate in the joint U.S./Soviet expedition to Jupiter and find out what happened on Discovery, Chandra decided he wanted to do an experiment, and disconnect many of the same higher functions on SAL that Bowman had disconnected on HAL, and then reconnect them to see what effects HAL might experience once he is revived. In 2001, HAL had killed everyone on board Discovery except for Bowman, who had managed to disable HAL before his own mysterious disappearance.Īfter Chandra was selected by Dr. Chandra, who had spent a great deal of time wondering why HAL had malfunctioned. In the film adaptation of 2010, SAL makes her screen debut, though she appears in only one scene with Dr. When Bowman and Poole messaged their situation and HAL's prediction to Mission Control, they responded saying that HAL was in error predicting the fault this conclusion was based on SAL's findings, though she was not mentioned by name.Ģ010: Odyssey Two/The Year We Make Contact In the film version of 2001, HAL predicted a failure of the AE-35 antenna, and Discovery commander David Bowman and Frank Poole retrieved and replaced the AE-35 and examined the original only to find nothing wrong with the system. SAL was used as the earth-bound mission simulator for the spaceship Discovery on its journey to Jupiter. In the film, SAL is voiced by actress Candice Bergen, who was credited as "Olga Mallsnerd". In 2010: The Year We Make Contact, SAL is identified as the twin sister of the HAL 9000, distinguished by the blue tinge in her optic lens, compared to HAL's which is red. It was one of three 9000 series computers developed by the United States. Clarke’s 2010: Odyssey Two, and its 1984 film adaption. The SAL 9000 is a supercomputer, created and used by Dr.
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